Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing

Some adjectives that end in -ed and -ing are examples of participle (or participial) adjectives. They are formed from the past participles and present participles of verbs. interested / interesting (verb: to interest)
surprised / surprising (verb: to surprise)
tired / tiring (verb: to tire) It is important to choose the correct one. Note that not all -ed and -ing adjectives are participial adjectives. For example, there is an adjective talented, but there is no verb to talent and no adjective talenting.

She was tired after the long walk.
He was surprised when he saw his results.
These adjectives describe feelings. The long walk was tiring.
His results were surprising.
These adjectives describe causes. The long walk tired her.
His results surprised him. We can see that in these examples, the people who experience the feelings are the objects of the verbs while the causes of the feelings are the subjects of the verbs.
The movie bored me.
The movie was boring.
I was bored.The noise frightened the horse.
The noise was frightening.
The horse was frightened. The book fascinated her.
The book was fascinating.
She was fascinated.

We had fried eggs for breakfast.
This relates to a process which we can express with the verb to fry
We drank melted snow when we were hiking in the mountains.
Verb: melt. The process is complete. Floods caused by melting snow have been causing delays on the roads.
Verb: melt. The process is ongoing. There was a delicious smell of frying bacon. Ongoing
We had fried rice for lunch. Complete Here's some breaking news. Ongoing
There's broken glass on the floor. Complete Falling interest rates have boosted the stock market. Ongoing
A fallen tree was blocking the road. Complete

I have been interested in travel all my life.
Travel has always interested me.
She has surprised everyone this term.
We have been surprised by the change in her behaviour.
The change in her behaviour has surprised everybody. In some of these examples, the -ed form is an adjective, in others it is a verb.
With the adjectives, it is often possible to add the adverb very, but not with the verbs: I have been very interested in travel all my life.
Travel has always interested me.
She has surprised everyone this term.
We have been very surprised by the change in her behaviour.
The change in her behaviour has surprised everybody.